ABSTRACT The Female Athlete Triad (Triad) and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) are conditions associated with low energy availability (EA) that can lead to menstrual dysfunction, impaired bone health, and metabolic disturbances. This case report describes the remission of Triad in a professional triathlete during the COVID-19 pandemic. A 24-year-old female triathlete was evaluated in 2018. She reported bulimia nervosa from 12–15 years old and hypothalamic amenorrhea since she was 21 years old. Her training volume was approximately 20 […]

Abstract Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by small intestinal inflammation triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically-predisposed individuals. A frequent extra-intestinal manifestation of CD is metabolic bone disease which contributes to an increased risk of fracture. The mechanisms underlying bone disease in CD remain incompletely understood, but multiple processes have been proposed including (1) malabsorption of calcium and vitamin D leading to secondary hyperparathyroidism and increased skeletal resorption, (2) pro-inflammatory cytokines altering the osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate whether there is a relationship between diet quality and bone health in a group of elderly Brazilian women. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with 105 elderly women. Participants were evaluated regarding diet quality (good, needing improvement, and poor) and its relationship with bone mineral density (BMD), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), and C-telopeptide (CTX). Results: Fifty eight participants (55.2%) presented a poor-quality diet and 47 (44.8%) required dietary improvements, while no subjects presented a […]

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the effect of three months of periodized hydrogymnastics exercise program on urinary concentration of deoxypyridinoline in older women. Subjects and methods Twenty-six subjects were randomly assigned in two, intervention group (n = 16) and control group (n = 10). The intervention group followed 12-week of periodized hydrogymnastics training program five times a week, 50 minutes of water exercise with work heart rate reserve of 40-50% (1-6th week) increasing the load to 50-60% (7-12th week); the control […]

Objective Bone loss has been established as a major extra-intestinal complication of short bowel syndrome (SBS). The purpose of this study was to correlate bone mineral density (BMD) with body mass index (BMI), serum vitamin and mineral levels in patients with SBS. Material and methods The study was conducted on 13 patients (8 male and 5 female, 54.7 ± 11.4 years) with SBS (residual small bowel length of 10 to 100 cm). We determined the food ingestion, anthropometry, serum levels […]

Several factors are involved in determining bone quality including bone density, bone turnover, the extent of trabecular bone connectivity, cortical porosity and geometry. Metabolically active and in a continuous process of remodeling, approximately 20% of bone tissue is renewed annually. Bone turn over markers (BTM) are frequently used in clinical trials and to provide valid information about the effectiveness of osteoporosis treatment, reflecting the state of bone metabolism and its response to treatment, although they are not useful alone to […]

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) in girls with eating disorders in the beginning of the treatment, at six months, and after one year of treatment. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This prospective study involved 35 female adolescents with AN or EDNOS treated during one year. Lumbar (L1-L4) bone mineral density by DXA was performed in the beginning of treatment, at six months, and after one year of treatment. RESULTS: There was improvement in weight, length, BMI, bone age (p […]

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of an exercise program on handgrip strength (HS) in elderly women with low bone mass. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Thirty-six elderly women were randomized to the intervention group – GI (n = 18) and control group – GC (n = 18). Participants were evaluated by means of a HS test, using a handgrip dynamometer. GI performed strength, balance and functional mobility exercises, and GC performed stretching exercises. Both groups had sessions twice a week for 50 […]

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of hypercalciuria (HC) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and its relationship with clinical data and bone mineral metabolism. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Calciuria was measured in 24-hour urine samples of 127 women. BMD was measured in the lumbar spine and femur by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). RESULTS: Mean age (±SD) was 64 (±8) years. According to urinary calcium excretion, patients were divided into normo- and hypercalciuric (HC). Of the 127 patients, 19 (15%) were classified as […]

OBJECTIVE: Hypoparathyroidism is a disorder in which parathyroid hormone is deficient in the circulation due most often to immunological destruction of the parathyroids or to their surgical removal. The objective of this work was to define the abnormalities in skeletal microstructure as well as to establish the potential efficacy of PTH(1-84) replacement in this disorder. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Standard histomorphometric and µCT analyses were performed on iliac crest bone biopsies obtained from patients with hypoparathyroidism. Participants were treated with PTH(1-84) […]

Osteoporosis and its consequent fractures are a major problem in public health. To complement the conventional pharmacological treatment for this metabolic disease, non-pharmacological treatment options have been developed in the last decades. Several studies demonstrate that physical exercise programs including impact exercises, specific strength training, balance and coordination training may maintain or increase spine and hip bone mineral density as well as decrease the frequency of falls among osteoporotic and osteopenic patients. Furthermore, some physical agents such as vibratory platforms, […]

There is a high prevalence of osteoporosis in HIV-infected patients. Initially described in HIV-positive men, studies have also demonstrated a high prevalence of osteoporosis in HIV-infected women. It would appear that antiretroviral therapy (ART) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in HIV-infected patients, although little is known about its importance in relation to osteoporosis and fractures in HIV-positive women. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the frequency of bone loss, bone mineral density (BMD) […]