Objective The aim of the present study was to identify a fast, efficient and low-cost method to diagnose hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy. Materials and methods One hundred and forty medical records, which contained patients’ clinical and laboratory data, were retrospectively analyzed. Patient parathyroid hormone values, which were obtained immediately following operation, were compared with their ionized calcium levels the morning after surgery. This comparison was used to examine the correlation between the two variables in predicting hypoparathyroidism because measuring calcium […]

Introduction Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) originates in the thyroid parafollicular cells and represents 3-4% of the malignant neoplasms that affect this gland. Approximately 25% of these cases are hereditary due to activating mutations in the REarranged during Transfection (RET) proto-oncogene. The course of MTC is indolent, and survival rates depend on the tumor stage at diagnosis. The present article describes clinical evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of MTC. Objective The aim of the consensus described herein, which […]

Objective To conduct a literature review on the diagnosis and management of Paget’s disease of bone. Materials and methods This scientific statement was generated by a request from the Brazilian Medical Association (AMB) to the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism (SBEM) as part of its Clinical Practice Guidelines program. Articles were identified by searching in PubMed and Cochrane databases as well as abstracts presented at the Endocrine Society, Brazilian Society for Endocrinology Annual Meetings and the American Society for […]

Objective The objective is to present an update on the diagnosis and treatment of hypovitaminosis D, based on the most recent scientific evidence. Materials and methods The Department of Bone and Mineral Metabolism of the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabology (SBEM) was invited to generate a document following the rules of the Brazilian Medical Association (AMB) Guidelines Program. Data search was performed using PubMed, Lilacs and SciELO and the evidence was classified in recommendation levels, according to the scientific […]

Hirsutism is defined as excessive terminal hair growth in androgen-dependent areas of the body in women, which grows in a typical male distribution pattern. Hirsutism is a common clinical problem in women, and the treatment depends on the cause. The condition is often associated with a loss of self-esteem. Hirsutism reflects the interaction between circulating androgen concentrations, local androgen concentrations, and the sensitivity of the hair follicle to androgens. Polycystic ovary syndrome and idiopathic hirsutism are the most common causes […]

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a literature review on the diagnosis and management of primary hyperparathyroidism including the classical hipercalcemic form as well as the normocalcemic variant. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This scientific statement was generated by a request from the Brazilian Medical Association (AMB) to the Brazilian Society for Endocrinology as part of its Clinical Practice Guidelines program. Articles were identified by searching in PubMed and Cochrane databases as well as abstracts presented at the Endocrine Society, Brazilian Society for Endocrinology Annual […]

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the validity of hemoglobin A1C (A1C) as a diagnostic tool for type 2 diabetes and to determine the most appropriate A1C cutoff point for diagnosis in a sample of Haitian-Americans. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Subjects (n = 128) were recruited from Miami-Dade and Broward counties, FL. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was run in order to measure sensitivity and specificity of A1C for detecting diabetes at different cutoff points. RESULTS: The area under the ROC curve was 0.86 […]

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a lifelong disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism and ovulatory dysfunction, with a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms and signs. Three different sets of diagnostic criteria have been established in order to define this disease in adult women, but there is controversy regarding the use of these criteria in adolescence. During puberty, the adult criteria for ovulatory dysfunction does not seem applicable, because an irregular menstrual pattern and a decreased ovulatory rate is a physiologic event during […]

Acromegaly is a disease associated with increased morbidity and reduced life expectancy. Because of its insidious character and its non-recognition, the diagnosis is often made with delay, which, along with the complications related to GH/IGF-I excess, determines high morbidity and mortality. However, an early diagnosis and an effective treatment reduce the morbidity and normalize the mortality rate. In this publication, the goal of Neuroendocrinology Department from Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism is to disclose which clinical set should arouse […]

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the heterogeneity and the coexistence of diabetic neuropathy (DNP) in type 1 (T1DM) and 2 (T2DM) diabetes mellitus. METHODS: 74 T2DM and 20 T1DM patients were evaluated according to age (years), time from diagnosis of diabetes (TDD, years), body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), HbA1c and DNP type (American Diabetes Association criteria). RESULTS: T1DM was younger (32.7 ± 11.0 versus 56.9 ± 10.3; p = 0.0001), leaner (BMI: 23.6 ± 3.85 versus 28.4 ± 5.3; p = 0.0005) […]

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: Evaluate the vascularization classification of thyroid nodules with color Doppler ultrasonography described by Lagalla and cols. and Chammas and cols. METHODS: A total of 265 thyroid nodules were studied with color Doppler and citopathology. RESULTS: In the diagnosis of nodules with malignant citopathology, Chammas’s IV and V patterns showed sensibility of 16.7%, specificity of 97.6%, positive predictive value of 33.3%, negative predictive value of 94.1% and accuracy of 92.1%; Lagalla’s III pattern showed sensibility of 44.4%, specificity of 19.4%, […]

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease and heart failure, which are the main causes of death in these patients. Moreover, patients with DM and cardiovascular disease have a worse prognosis than nondiabetics, present lower short-term survival, higher risk of recurrence of the disease and a worse response to the treatments proposed. In the last decades, diagnostic and therapeutic progress had already shown benefits concerning cardiovascular risk reduction in these patients, […]