We evaluated GH, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 concentrations in ten acromegalic patients before and after treatment with subcutaneous octreotide (OCT-sc) and long-acting octreotide (OCT-LAR). We also evaluated the acute and short-period treatment (post 21 days) with octreotide as an index to test tolerance and responsiveness to both formulations. Patients were also evaluated after 6 months of treatment with each drug. Pre-treatment fasting GH (µg/l; IFMA), GH nadir during oGTT and IGF-1 (µg/l; IRMA) levels were 13.9±6.3; 11.4±6.3; 717±107, respectively. Fasting GH […]

The use of GH provocative tests to diagnose children with short stature continues to be a controversial issue. GH secretion is considered a continuum ranging from absent to normal secretion. When GH deficiency is severe, as in GH gene defects and craniopharyngiomas, there is a very important growth failure and absent or minimal GH response to stimulation tests. These situations could be used as standards to define total GH deficiency. However, partial GH deficiency also can show growth failure, but […]

This article brings an updated review of hypopituitarism with emphasis in hormone replacement therapy. The physiological basis of hormone replacement therapy and practical aspects of treating hypopituitary patients were both taken into account to provide a rational strategy for treatment. The review is organized by individual pituitary hormone deficiency and covers epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of hypopituitarism, as well as the most relevant hormone preparations currently available for treating each hormone deficiency. Practical guidelines to hormone dosing, routes […]

GH secretion is modulated by a complex interplay between two hypothalamic factors, GHRH (growth hormone-releasing hormone) and somatostatin (SRIF). More recently, a third physiological mechanism mediated by GHS (growth hormone secretagogues) and its endogenous counterpart, ghrelin, has been discovered. Glucocorticoids (GCs) influence GH secretion acting at several levels, although the mechanisms involved in its multiple actions are not fully elucidated. Moreover, these steroids have stimulatory or inhibitory effects on GH release depending on the experimental model, duration of exposure, dose, […]

We evaluated in a prospective non-randomized study the effect of cabergoline administration (1-1.5mg twice weekly, for 2-4 months) on GH and IGF-1 levels in 9 acromegalic patients. Normalization of GH and IGF-1 levels occurred in 3 out of the 9 patients (33%) who were evaluated, in 3 out of 5 patients (60%) with GH/prolactin-cosecreting pituitary adenomas but in none without associated hyperprolactinemia. The best responses were observed in patients with pre-treatment GH and IGF-1 levels below 20ng/mL and 750ng/mL, respectively. […]

O hormônio de crescimento (GH, growth hormone), o fator de crescimento insulina símile-1 (IGF1, insulin-like growth factor-1) e uma enorme variedade de moléculas afins formam um eixo regulador do crescimento pré e pós-natal. Os permanentes avanços nas técnicas de biologia molecular têm facilitado a identificação de defeitos genéticos nos diferentes componentes do eixo GH-IGF1 em crianças com baixa estatura. Por outro lado, a aplicação de novos métodos de dosagens hormonais tem revelado a existência de formas inativas de GH ou […]