ABSTRACT Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, which is a simple surrogate marker of insulin resistance that is associated with various cardiometabolic diseases, in patients with Klinefelter syndrome (KS). Subjects and methods: A total of 30 patients with KS (mean age: 21.53 ± 1.66 years) and 32 healthy controls (mean age: 22.07 ± 1.01 years) were included in the study.The clinical and laboratory parameters,TyG index, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) level, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) […]

ABSTRACT Osteoporosis, a disease classically attributed to postmenopausal women, is underappreciated, underdiagnosed, and undertreated in men. However, it is not uncommon for osteoporotic fractures to occur in men. About 40% of fractures occur in men with an incidence that has increased over the years. After a first fracture, the risk of a subsequent episode, as well as the risk of death, is higher in the male than in the female population. Despite these facts, only 10% of men with osteoporosis […]

ABSTRACT Objective: We aimed to investigate the role of testosterone to estradiol ratio in predicting the effectiveness of human chorionic gonadotropin and testosterone treatments in male hypogonadism. Materials and methods: Thirty-six male patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism were included in the study. Seventeen (47.2%) patients received weekly recombinant human choriogonadotropin alpha (hCG) treatment (group-1) and 19 (52.8%) received testosterone replacement therapy (T treatment) every 21 days (group-2). Under these treatments, adequate frequency of morning erection (≥3/week), testosterone to estradiol ratio (T/E), […]

ABSTRACT Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder caused by the absence of gene expression in the 15q11.2-q13 paternal chromosome. Patients with PWS develop hypothalamic dysfunction that can lead to various endocrine changes such as: obesity, growth hormone deficiency, hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency and low bone mineral density. In addition, individuals with PWS have increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review summarizes and updates the current knowledge about the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of endocrine manifestations associated […]

ABSTRACT Objectives We aimed to measure the quality of life (QoL) of patients with Turner syndrome (PTS) and determine the extent to which their clinical or laboratory alterations influence QoL compared to reference women (RW) of the same age range. Subjects and methods From Dec-2013 to Dec-2014, 90 participants were recruited. They were 18 years and older: 48 with Turner syndrome (TS) (PTS) and 42 without (RW). Recruited subjects completed the Portuguese version of Short Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire, and […]

ABSTRACT Background Cardiometabolic risk is high in patients with hypogonadism. Visceral adiposity index (VAI) and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio are the practical markers of atherosclerosis and insulin resistance and independent predictors of cardiaovascular risk. To date, no study has evaluated VAI levels and TG/HDL-C ratio in hypogonadism. Subjects and methods A total of 112 patients with congenital hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (CHH) (mean age, 21.7 ± 2.06 years) and 124 healthy subjects (mean age, 21.5 ± 1.27 years) were enrolled. The […]

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of hypogonadism in men with metabolic syndrome and its correlation with serum insulin levels. METHODS: Observational, transversal study with 80 men with metabolic syndrome. The individuals were divided into two groups: Group 1: 56 patients (70%) with total testosterone > 300 ng/dL (normal gonadal function); Group 2: 24 patients (30%) with total testosterone < 300 ng/dL (hypogonadic). RESULTS: The subjects from Group 2 compared to Group 1 presented higher body mass index (BMI), waist and […]

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate pituitary function impairment in order to verify the prevalence of sex hormone deficiency and to analyze the profile of TBI population. METHODS: Thirty patients were studied, 22 were male and 8 were female. All patients had their gonadal function assessed and they were evaluated at a median of 4 years post-trauma. RESULTS: The average age of the men was 38 years at the time of the evaluation, while the mean age […]

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most common cause of death and disability in young adults. Post-TBI neuroendocrine disorders have been increasingly acknowledged in recent years due to their potential contribution to morbidity and, probably, to mortality after trauma. Marked alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis during the post-TBI acute and chronic phases have been reported. Prospective and longitudinal studies have shown that some abnormalities are transitory. On the other hand, there is a high frequency (15% to 68%) of pituitary […]

Gonadotrophic axis dysfunction is commonly observed in HIV-infected patients. The pathogenesis is multifactorial and related to duration of HIV infection, direct cytopathic effects of viruses, use of drugs, opportunistic infections, malignancies, and malnutrition, among other factors. In men, reduced levels of testosterone is associated with loss of muscle mass and strength, decreased bone mineral density, lipodystrophy, depression, asthenia, fatigue and sexual dysfunction. In HIV-infected patients with hypogonadism, numerous studies have shown the beneficial effects of testosterone replacement on the metabolic […]

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of IGF-I and testosterone on the lipid profile and glycemia in acromegalic men. METHODS: Fifteen acromegalic men were studied. RESULTS: The hypogonadic patients presented lower HDL-c and higher tryglicerides, LDL-c, glycemia, GH and IGF-I. Serum IGF-I was inversely correlated with HDL-c (r = – 0.57, p = 0.04) and directly with TG (r = 0.62, p = 0.01) and glycemia (r = 0.66, p = 0.008), whereas serum testosterone correlated directly with HDL-c (r = […]

OBJECTIVE: To compare the modalities of treatment for male hypogonadism available in Brazil. METHODS: Thirty-two men with late-onset hypogonadism (“andropause”) were followed-up in the Hospital de Guarnição de Florianópolis, in Florianópolis, south Brazil. Clinical diagnosis was established according to AMS questionnaire (positive if equal to or higher than 27 points), and laboratorial diagnosis was made through low values of total testosterone (under 300 ng/dL) and/or free calculated testosterone (under 6.5 ng/dL). Patients were randomized to three non-enteral treatment groups (Deposteron® – 11 […]