The advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) constitute a class of heterogeneous molecules formed by amino-carbonyl reactions of a non-enzymatic nature, which occur at an accelerated rate in the hyperglycemic state of diabetes. Considered important pathogenic mediators of diabetic complications, AGEs are capable of irreversibly modifying the chemical properties and functions of diverse biological structures. In this review, recent data from literature is presented describing the pathways of AGEs formation, their metabolism, the main mechanisms of action of these substances in the […]

Diabetic muscle infarction (DMI) is an uncommon complication of long standing diabetes (DM). This abnormal condition may occur in poorly controlled patients with type 1 and 2 DM with established microangiopathy. Clinical presentation is usually acute with severely painful swelling of the affected muscle, which persists for many weeks and has spontaneous recovery. Albeit uncertain, its etiology is associated with microangiopathy with occlusion of small arteries. This condition is diagnosed by biopsy although results from T2 – weight magnetic resonance […]

The diabetic foot is one of the commonest complications of diabetes, causing significant lowering of the quality of life of vulnerable patients and leading to drain in health resources. In the present work, we retrospectively studied 234 diabetic patients referred to the diabetic foot clinic. Clinical and laboratory tests and evaluation of foot using the 10g Semmes-Weinstein monofilament, basic neurologic hammer, vascular Doppler scan and plantar foot pressure were examined. Patients were sorted according to age, sex and duration of […]