Pituitary tumors, almost invariably adenomas, are of frequent occurrence, accounting for 10% to 15% of all the intracranial neoplasm. They are classified as microadenomas (< 10 mm) or macroadenomas (> 10 mm) and as secreting or clinically non-secreting (or not functioning) adenomas. These tumors are autonomously capable to release pituitary hormones such as the growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The occurrence of metastases, characterizing a pituitary […]

Clinically unsuspected pituitary lesions are demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging in approximately 10% of the general adult population, characterizing the so-called pituitary incidentalomas. Their natural history is not yet completely established. Despite being typically small (<10mm in the greatest diameter) and clinically silent, some pituitary incidentalomas may be hormonally active or cause mass effects by compressing neighboring structures. Furthermore, a minority of these lesions, particularly those greater than 10mm (macroincidentalomas) may grow over time; hence, longterm follow-up is necessary. Therapeutic […]